Why Is My Stomach Swollen?
Understanding Ascites in Simple Terms
What is Ascites?
Ascites is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, the space within the abdomen that houses organs like the liver, stomach, and intestines.
Common Causes of Ascites
1. Liver Cirrhosis : Caused any way [ Alcohol, Fatty liver (Non alcoholic) , NSAIDs(painkillers) induced etc]
2. Heart Failure
3. Kidney diseases (Nephrotic syndrome)
4. Abdominal TB
5. Some Cancers
6. Rare vascular conditions (Budd Chiari Syndrome)
Symptoms
- Abdominal swelling and bloating
- Rapid weight gain
- Feeling of fullness or pressure
- Loss of appetite
- Shortness of breath
- Swollen ankles or legs
- Fatigue
Treatment Options for Ascites
1. Lifestyle Modification
- Salt restriction
- Fluid restriction
2. Medications
- Diuretics : Medications like spironolactone and furosemide help the body eliminate excess fluid
- Antibiotics : Prescribed if there’s an infection in the ascitic fluid.
3. Paracentesis
A procedure to drain large volumes of fluid, offering immediate relief. It is especially helpful in refractory ascites (resistant to medications).
4. TIPS
A procedure to reduce portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis, helping to control ascites in advanced cases.
5. Liver Transplantation
For patients with end-stage liver disease, a transplant may be the only long-term solution
Prevention and Management
While not all cases of ascites are preventable, certain steps can lower the risk:
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Manage chronic diseases like hepatitis or heart failure
- Regular medical checkups for early detection
Conclusion
Ascites is a Life-changing condition that often signals advanced liver disease or other critical illnesses. Early detection, proper diagnosis, and a personalized treatment plan are essential to manage symptoms and improve quality of life. If you experience persistent abdominal swelling or discomfort, consult a healthcare provider for evaluation.